According to Cavazos, in 2011, dento-facial traumas are considered a public health issue due to their increasing incidence, untimely response or incorrect management during event presentation, and the absence of a standardized protocol for trauma management at the time of the event and a specialized professional in that area of study. Dental traumas are characterized by a sudden and unexpected presentation. Another factor that influences the prevalence of trauma is the constant growth of the child and their adaptation to such structural modifications during physical activity. There is a higher preference for trauma in males than in females, as they tend to have more physical activity and the incidence of play tends to be more violent. The regions that have reported a higher prevalence of impact trauma, with greater post-trauma discoloration, mostly involve mixed traumas that encompass both hard and soft tissues, especially the upper incisors, due to being the region at greatest risk of direct facial contusion. A descriptive observational study was conducted using retrospective cross-sectional data collection.
The presence or absence of dental trauma in students was measured. Dental traumas are injuries that occur in the teeth and supporting tissues, caused by direct physical impacts; these can cause aesthetic problems, decreased chewing, and speech difficulties; this study was conducted to determine the prevalence of dental traumas in students from 5th to 2nd grade at Dr. José Francisco Peña Gómez Elementary School. A prospective descriptive observational study was conducted through data collection; questionnaires were administered to 60 students aged 10 to 14 years old from 5th to 2nd grade. There was no significant difference, with 25% in males and 28% in females; the grade with the highest prevalence was 2nd grade with 25%, and the age was 13 years old with 40%. The most common type of trauma was hard tissue trauma with 89%; it was observed that the upper anterior region had the highest prevalence; the right side was more frequent in second grade (7%) and first grade (18%). According to the etiology, accidents at home accounted for 50%, with only 35% of cases receiving treatment. More than half of the population was observed to have trauma presence, with 13-year-old students showing higher prevalence; there was no significant difference in terms of gender, and the majority occurred in hard tissue; discoloration had a low incidence. Dental care was ab...