Archaeological excavation at Dairy Farm, Renhold, covered an area of 23.552 hectares within thevalley and floodplain of the Great River Ouse, southeast of Bedford. Early prehistoric palaeosolsand palaeochannels were found concealed either by colluvium hillwash or by waterborne alluvium.Large artefact assemblages of Terminal Late Upper Palaeolithic and Late Mesolithic activity wererecovered in situ from the palaeosols. A single pit was dated to the Middle Neolithic. Evidence forEarly to Middle Bronze Age settlement was limited but included a large pit-well that containedaurochs skulls and deer antler. Two overlapping phases of field boundaries span the Early to LateBronze Age and may have remained as prominent features into the later Iron Age. Just two pitswere confidently dated to the Late Bronze Age and Middle Iron Age, but there were numerousundated features across the site, including in two groups. Two Beaker associated inhumationsrepresent the earliest known funerary activity on the site, along with two Middle Bronze Age ringditches with central pit cremation burials, one within an urn. Other undated pit cremation burialsmay relate to known funerary or ceremonial monuments not included in the excavations. Palaeochannel deposits contained artefacts of the Middle Iron Age to the third century. A small number of Roman artefacts were recovered as surface finds as well as in Saxon features and hint towards nearby settlement. An inhumation cemetery dated to the late fourth to early sixth century may belong to an Antique or transitionary phase between Roman and Saxon traditions. One of the graves may have contained a bed or bier. Saxon settlement was defined by a group of three sunken floored buildings with related pits and pit-wells, and a fourth building was identified separate to these. Pottery indicates that the settlement functioned across the fifth to sixth century and had ceased operation by the seventh century. No further settlement occurred as the landscape was given to furrow and then pasture across the Medieval and post-Medieval eras, with pockets of minor quarrying.