The multifocal electroretinogram (mfERG) and the high-resolution optical coherence tomography (OCT) were used as an objective measure and characterization of retinal function and morphology of hereditary and acquired macular dystrophies. MfERG and OCT permit phenotypisation even in early, partially sub-clinical diseases. MfERG changes, in particular delayed latencies, were sensitive measures in long time follow up investigations. Differences in localization and topographical extent of retinal deposits and structural changes were demonstrated by high-resolution Fourier-domain OCT.