This thesis describes the use of platform-derived chemicals as novel, bio-based intermediates to the synthesis of value-added compounds. Levulinic acid-derived angelica lactones were used to preapre C3 chemicals such as malonic acid via ozonolysis and novel poly-norbornene-like polymers. Glycolaldehyde, obtained from lignocellulose, was employed for the first time as C1 building block for the N-formylation of secondary amines by catalyst-free radical oxidation. Methyl vinyl glycolate, a side stream product of the production of lactate from sugars, was used as precursor for bio-based polyester.