Sir Julian Sorell Huxley FRS (22 June 1887 – 14 February 1975) was an English evolutionary biologist, eugenicist, and internationalist. He was a prominent figure in the mid-twentieth century modern synthesis and a proponent of natural selection. Huxley held several significant positions throughout his career, including secretary of the Zoological Society of London, the first Director of UNESCO, and a President of the British Humanist Association. Huxley was well-known for his ability to communicate science through books, articles, radio, and television. Julian Huxley was the grandson of Thomas Henry Huxley, a prominent advocate of evolution, and the brother of the author Aldous Huxley. Huxley's early interest in nature was nurtured by his grandfather, who taught him about biology and took him on visits to prominent scientists of the time. Huxley attended Eton College and later won a scholarship to study zoology at Balliol College, Oxford. His academic pursuits focused on embryology and protozoa, and he developed a keen interest in bird behavior, particularly their courtship habits. In 1912, Huxley accepted a position at Rice University in Houston, Texas, where he established the Department of Biology. However, his tenure was interrupted by World War I, during which he served in the British Army Intelligence Corps. After the war, he continued his academic career at Oxford, becoming a Fellow at New College and later a professor at King's College London. In the 1920s, Huxley collaborated with H. G. Wells on The Science of Life and traveled to East Africa to advise the Colonial Office on education. His experiences in Africa and personal life, including a brief separation from his wife, influenced his perspectives on marriage and freedom. Huxley also explored the USSR and became involved in political and economic planning. In 1935, Huxley assumed the role of secretary to the Zoological Society of London, overseeing the operations of the London Zoo and Whipsnade Park. Although he introduced innovative changes, his tenure was marked by controversy and conflicts with the society's council. He was eventually removed from his position in 1941, amidst a public controversy. During World War II, Huxley embarked on a lecturing tour in the United States, advocating for American involvement in the war. He faced difficulty returning to the UK due to the war and extended his stay in America. Following his return, Huxley remained active in various scientific and social or...