The data were collected from recruited participants who conducted seven driving tasks in seven routes, respectively, with the manner of one-day interval. Their socio-economic and demographic characteristics were also recorded, but we did not reveal any information that may recognize the identity of the participants. The three datasets can be combined through “Code_Input” variable and have some overlaps due to statistical analysis for three chapters. Chapter2_Mental includes data of drivers' mental states before, during and after one-hour driving tasks, perceived environmental characteristics, socio-economic and demographic characteristics and driving behavior. Chapter3_Fatigue includes data of drivers' mean heart rate during one-hour driving tasks, self-reported fatigue before, during and after one-hour driving tasks, environmental factors, and socio-economic and demographic characteristics and driving behavior. Chapter4_Performance includes data of mean of speed, standard deviation of speed, steering holds frequency, and steering reversal rate during one-hour driving tasks, environmental factors, and socio-economic and demographic characteristics and driving behavior.