Here we provide an updated image dataset and supporting data files, version 2, for the following primary article. Please refer to the primary article as well as the supporting data and updates provided here for all details.Wilf P, SL Wing, HW Meyer, J Rose, R Saha, T Serre, NR Cúneo, MP Donovan, DM Erwin, MA Gandolfo, E González-Akre, F Herrera, S Hu, A Iglesias, KR Johnson, TS Karim, X Zou. 2021. An image dataset of cleared, x-rayed, and fossil leaves vetted to plant family for human and machine learning. PhytoKeys 187: 93–128, doi:10.3897/phytokeys.187.72350The dataset version that corresponds exactly to the published article remains archived here as version 1 and is easily accessed by toggling the dataset version in this window.The total image-collection size is now 34,368, consisting of 30,252 images of cleared and x-ray leaves and 4,116 of fossils.Change list, version 1 to version 2:1) Addition of NMNS Cleared Leaf Database (4,076 images).The most significant change in version 2 is the addition of 4,076 images from the National Museum of Nature and Science (NMNS, Ibaraki, Japan) Cleared Leaf Database, made possible by the kind assistance of Dr. Atsushi Yabe, who is included here as a coauthor of version 2. The collection was made by Drs. Toshimasa Tanai of Hokkaido University and Kazuhiko Uemura of NMNS. More information on the NMNS Cleared Leaf Database and one-at-a-time image access are available at the website: https://www.kahaku.go.jp/research/db/geology-paleontology/cleared_leaf/index.php?lg=en . A prior publication using the database is Iwamasa and Noshita (2023), PLoS Comput Biol 19: e1010581.All taxonomic names for the NMNS specimens as given were vetted and updated to species level by Edward Spagnuolo (acknowledged for his kind assistance) and P. Wilf using the Taxonomic Names Resolution Service (TNRS) and other sources (we note that the names attached to the prior cleared and x-rayed leaf images carried over from version 1 remain vetted only to family level, although taxa of interest can be easily updated using TNRS and many other resources). The vetted names were then used to update the as-given NMNS filenames to the same alpha-sortable format as the prior images (Family_Genus_species_dataset_catalognumber.jpg) and integrated into the same family folders for maximum ease of use. We thank Ivan Rodríguez for his kind assistance with this step.2) Filename cleanup in all d...