This dataset provides a map of the distribution of ecosystem functional types (EFTs) at 0.05 degree resolution across Mexico for 2001 to 2014. EFTs are groupings of ecosystems based on their similar ecosystem functioning that are used to represent the spatial patterns and temporal variability of key ecosystem functional traits without prior knowledge of vegetation type or canopy architecture. Sixty-four EFTs were derived from the metrics of a 2001-2014 time-series of satellite images of the Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI) from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) product MOD13C2. EFT diversity was calculated as the modal (most repeated) EFT for each pixel.