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Plants originally identified as Aphyllon ludovicianum that occur near
Monterrey, Nuevo Leon, and Cuatro Ciénegas Bolson, Coahuila, Mexico, were
found to not align with the protologue of that species, the close relative
A. multiflorum, or any other species of Aphyllon. Following a detailed
study of floral morphology, geographic range, host species, and
phylogenetic position using dry herbarium specimens, field study and
georeferenced color photographs, we propose the new binomials Aphyllon
spectabile for the plants from Nuevo Leon and Aphyllon gypsophilum for the
plants from Coahuila, Mexico. This increases the taxonomic diversity of
Aphyllon to 27 species plus ten additional subspecies. Gymnosperma
glutinosum and two species of Xanthisma were reported for the first time
as a host species for the genus Aphyllon. We also provide an updated key
to Aphyllon in Mexico.
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