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Aralia elata buds contain many nutrients and have a pleasant taste with
unique flavor. Previous studies mainly focused on triterpene saponins in
the root bark of this species, but little information existed concerning
other chemical components, especially in the buds. To better understand
the nutritional value of Aralia elata, we compared total flavonoids, total
saponins, phenolic compounds and mineral elements contents in the buds of
Aralia elata collected from eight different geographical regions (S1:
Benxi; S2: Linjiang; S3: Pingwu; S4: Enshi; S5: Changbaishan; S6:
Shangzhi; S7: Xiaoxinganling and S8: Harbin) in China. The results showed
that the basic composition in the buds presented a wide variation noticed
by ash (8.76 to 10.35%), crude fiber (5.38 to 11.07%), polysaccharides
(33.85 to 46.79 mg/g), total flavonoid content (4.06 to 48.63 mg/g) and
total saponins (13.62 to 27.85 mg/g). UPLC combined with LC-MS/MS method
was used for the phenolic compounds analysis, and eleven phenolic
compounds were identified and quantified in the 8 samples. The total
phenolic content in Enshi (S4) was significantly higher than others, and
quercetin was the predominant phenolic compound in this sample. We used
ICP-OES to identify and quantify nine mineral elements in the buds. The Fe
and Cu contents in S5 were much higher than that of others. We got maximum
Mg, Mn, Co and Ni contents in S4, and found rich Zn content in S7.
Moreover, the maximum estimated quantity of Ca and Sr contents were found
in S8. This study indicated that the chemical composition in the buds of
Aralia elata was obviously affected by geographical origin. Our results
provided an essential theoretical basis on quality evaluation of Aralia
elata buds in food production field.
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