The slash-and-burn agricultural production system (SCQ) is an ancient practice prevalent in tropical regions of the planet (DANIEL TANG; HO; YAP, 2020; SANCHEZ et al., 2005). In the Amazon biome, SCQ is the main form of land use by indigenous peoples (SCHRITT et al., 2020) and traditional farmers (JAKOVAC et al., 2015, 2017). This model is considered sustainable when the secondary vegetation (capoeira) has long fallow periods, between 20 and 40 years for its recovery (SANCHEZ et al., 2005). However, the intensification of the SCQ due to the high demand for land (due to population densification) and increased access to the market by traditional communities (JAKOVAC et al., 2017; STEINER, 2007; VAN VLIET et al., 2013; VILLA et al., 2020) has led to an increase in the number of production cycles and a decrease in fallow time of around 5 to 40 years, limiting the number of years of fallow time years, limiting the regeneration capacity of secondary vegetation and making slash-and-burn agriculture increasingly less sustainable (JAKOVAC et al., 2017; SANCHEZ et al., 2005; VILLA et al., 2020). This is because soil fertility is not allowed to recover (DAVIDSON et al., 2008; ROSSI et al., 2010; THOMAZ, 2013). The above situation, added to the conditions of poverty, makes Amazonian communities even more vulnerable to food insecurity problems.The conservation of the Amazon rainforest is extremely important to society because of the countless ecosystem services it provides. Therefore, the challenge for development in this region is to reconcile biodiversity conservation with food production (CELENTANO et al., 2014a; MARQUARDT; MILESTAD; PORRO, 2013). Therefore, the agroecological transition is necessary, as it can be an innovative way forward in the face of the green revolution model that has taken hold and has had countless negative consequences from an environmental, social and economic perspective. On the basis of the above argument, it is clear that the best strategy for transitioning the production model for farmers practicing SCQ in the Amazon and other tropical regions is agroecological transition. Agroecology emphasizes the adaptation and application of ecological principles according to local realities and without a ready-made recipe, encourages biological diversity and recognizes Local Ecological Knowledge (TEK) as knowledge that evolves, is adapted and transmitted from generation to generation in a logical way (TESFAHUNEGN; MEKONEN; TEKLE, 2016). Addition...