In July 2023, the College of Commissioners asked the Scientific Advice Mechanism to the European Commission to provide evidence-based advice on how to accelerate a responsible uptake of AI in science. To address this question, SAPEA assembled an independent, international, and interdisciplinary working group of leading experts in the field, nominated by and selected from European academies and their respective networks. Between October 2023 and January 2024, the working group reviewed and compiled the latest evidence on the subject to create this thirteenth SAPEA Evidence Review Report. This report informs the accompanying Scientific Opinion of the Group of Chief Scientific Advisors, which contains the requested policy recommendations.