Greenlane Archaeology carried out a heritage assessment for Fallen Yew, Underbarrow, which is Grade II Listed. The building recording element was carried out according to the guidelines of the Chartered Institute for Archaeologists and provides a suitable record of the structure equivalent to Level 2/3 survey as defined by Historic England. An archaeological building recording carried out as part of the project revealed that the original part of the building comprised a baffle-entry house, undoubtedly built in about 1653. This had an intra mural staircase behind the main chimney, which also had a probable 'beef loft' - a rectangular structure set above the fireplace in which meat could be hung to be cured, something more typical in North Yorkshire. This was evidently enlarged with the addition of the south-west cross-wing, which was constructed with some sense of grandeur and essentially comprised a large ground floor and first floor room with massive fireplaces, as well as further fireplaces at the north-west end. The remains of what appeared to be a corbelled stack in the roof space also indicates the presence of a fireplace on the south-east side. This phase also potentially included a small extension to the north-east end of the original wing and the opening out of the first-floor space at this end to provide a single large room served by a second, inserted, staircase. This is reminiscent of additions made to other buildings in the area for the purpose of accommodating hand loom weavers. An external staircase on the north-west elevation leading to a doorway, now a window, might also have been added for accessing this space. Later changes seem to have relatively minor, with some small additions made in the 18th and/or 19th centuries and mainly damaging changes made in the 20th, such as the addition of the concrete render and removal of panelling. As a Grade II Listed building, the building Fallen Yew is statutorily protected and of local significance. However, its interesting developmental history and impressive collection of late 17th century false-panelled doors, mean it is of particular interest as a local vernacular building.