Biomass is an abundant and renewable organic raw material resource for hydrochar and biochar production. The global environmental objective to solve the environmental problems using green techniques. Hydrochar during the last few years attracted the researcher’s attention as an excellent solution for environmental application. This work aimed to prepare hydrochar from orange peels feedstocks and using the FTIR as rapid and accurate techniques to identify the functional groups of the hydrochar surface, which reflects the ability of hydrochar to be used as an adsorbent for environmental pollutants. In This work biomass feedstock from orange peels has been dried at 100 ˚C for 200 min. Then, Hydrothermal Carbonization (HTC) process was done at 180 ˚C for 200 minutes for hydrochar preparation. Distilled water has been used as HTC medium. The yield, pH, density has been tested. FTIR spectra for feedstock, hydrochar differs, which shows the changes that took place during the HTC process. The appeared function groups in most biomass feedstocks aliphatic hydroxyl, carboxyl, C-H, C=O, C=C. After the hydrothermal carbonization process, this peak reduced indicating that the lignin only decomposed partially under the studied condition. Also, it is indicating distortion of the C-H bonds in aromatic compounds. The study concludes that hydrochar from orange peels feedstock successfully prepared, from the FTIR spectrum it is be expected to have an effective adsorption properties