Column “Sample code” represents the unique identifier of each sample included in the study. Geographic coordinates of location of sample collection are indicated in columns “Latitude” and “Longitude”, as well as the country and location of collection (i.e., columns “Country” and “Location”). Identity of tree species to which each sample belongs is specified in a column “Tree species”. Column “Range” specifies if samples were collected in their native or non-native range, and “Hemisphere of origin” indicates the hemisphere to which tree species are native to. Climatic data are provided for each location in columns “Mean annual temperature”, “Temperature seasonality” and “Mean annual precipitation”.