Some soil resource conservation technologies (RCTs) are recommended for addressing the deficit rainfall conditions of dryland crops in India. Understanding the impact of RCTs on mungbean (Vigna radiata L. Wilczek) below-ground plant roots and on yields is critical for drought tolerance while the data available is meager. Methods A two-year field study conducted in 2015 and 2016 at research farm ICAR - Central Research Institute for Dryland Agriculture, Hyderabad, India was to evaluate the root dynamics under Organic Amendment @ 3 t ha-1 (OA), Resource Conservation Measure of in-situ Conservation Furrow for every three rows of crop (RCM), combination of RCM+OA on Drought Tolerant (DTV) and Drought Susceptible (DSV) varieties during deficit rainfall conditions.