patients admitted to outpatient between 2010 and 2018 in a University Medical Service specialized in CKD of the Discipline of Nephrology at Escola Paulista de Medicina/ Federal University of São Paulo (EPM/ UNIFESP). Demographic data (sex, age, anthropometric measurements, comorbidities), cause and stage of CKD, and medications in use. Laboratory tests: complete blood count, venous blood gas analysis, lipid profile, glycemic profile, iron profile, creatinine, urea, uric acid, sodium, potassium, phosphorus, parathyroid hormone, total calcium, and alkaline phosphatase, in addition to urine analysis.