With its mild maritime climate, western Washington has long been a productive region for many tree and small fruit crops. Apples, blueberries, cherries, pears, plums, raspberries, and strawberries have been grown there since the 1880s for both home and commercial production. Currently, interest has increased in some of the less common tree and small fruit crops, and information is needed regarding their culture and cultivar selection for the region. Some of these uncommon fruit species were not considered suitable for Washington s maritime climate conditions and were not tested for productivity until recently. For some of these species there is little information, as they originated in eastern Europe, Asia, or Oceania. Several of these species are native North American plants whose history was not recorded or is not readily accessible. To help bridge the information gaps, a trial of uncommon tree and small fruit crops was carried out from 1997 to 2009 at Washington State University s Mount Vernon Northwestern Washington Research & Extension Center (NWREC). With the support of home orchardists and nursery growers, we evaluated ease of growing, productivity, fruit quality, and cultural needs of these uncommon fruit species. Species descriptions gathered from this trial are included in this publication.